In all industrial facilities, worker safety should remain a top priority. Implementing preventive safety measures, such as lockout tagout, is one of the most common and effective strategies to ensure workforce safety in the face of potential hazards and risks. But even then, lockout tagout procedures only succeed if followed and implemented properly and effectively. This article discusses the most common challenges in lockout tagout implementation, from outdated practices to human behavior.
What Is Lockout Tagout?
Lockout tagout (LOTO) is the process of de-energizing and isolating machines, equipment, and other potential sources of hazardous energy in preparation for maintenance or repair. It is a preventive safety measure meant to limit access and control energy that could potentially harm employees. In industrial facilities, LOTO procures are applied to energy sources such as mechanical, electrical, pneumatic, hydraulic, chemical, thermal, and the like.
Lockout tagout procedures involve two integral steps — lockout and tagout. The first step, lockout, is designed to physically isolate an energy source by limiting access to authorized personnel only with the use of lockout devices. Tagout involves the labeling and tagging of essential information about the locked-out device, machine, or equipment. This effectively communicates to other personnel the whats and whys of the LOTO. A properly tagged device should include danger or warning indications, the purpose of the operation, timing and duration, as well as details of the authorized personnel who conducted the lockout tagout procedure.
Common challenges in lockout tagout implementation
Inadequate training and human negligence
Employee training in lockout tagout procedures is crucial to its effective implementation. It is extremely important that all employees are knowledgeable about the purpose of LOTO and the proper steps involved in this safety measure. Critical parts of proper employee training in lockout tagout include the identification of all energy sources and other workplace hazards and risks, the correct choice and application of lockout devices, and the proper tagout identification requirements during procedures. Failure to follow proper LOTO protocols can pose significant risks and cause injuries, accidents, or larger-scale emergencies.
Poor communication and documentation
Collaboration and communication among workers are key factors in lockout tagout procedures. Personnel responsible for LOTO procedures should be able to effectively communicate their activity to fellow workers, supervisors, and other concerned employees. Poor communication or the lack thereof can put people at risk, especially if certain steps in the lockout tagout procedure are missed or overlooked.
In relation to this, it is also essential for concerned personnel to properly document their lockout tagout operation. It is important to keep a standardized communication and documentation protocol that will help ensure compliance and consistency, as well as address accountability for every LOTO procedure conducted.
Outdated lockout tagout practices and devices
LOTO is a safety measure that has long been used in industrial work environments. OSHA 1910.147, the standard that regulates the control of hazardous energy through lockout tagout procedures, was written way back in 1982 and legally implemented in 1989. Since then, lockout tagout strategies have evolved and developed to keep up with advancements in industrial operations.
Despite this, there may still be instances where facilities utilize considerably outdated lockout tagout techniques, practices, and even devices. The use of such inadequate measures can undermine the effectiveness of lockout tagout procedures and put workers at risk despite the implementation of LOTO protocols.
Resistance to innovations and new safety technologies
Safety measures and strategies in industrial workplaces are continuously being developed to further ensure the safety and security of workers from the numerous occupational hazards and risks surrounding them. However, one of the challenges in the implementation of lockout tagout procedures involves the resistance of some industries to adopt innovations and technologies.
Artificial intelligence, automation, and other computerized systems are slowly being introduced to industrial safety measures and strategies, including lockout tagout procedures. However, the challenge of understanding how these new technologies work and the added burden of retraining employees with these changes and recreating new safety protocols. Many are hesitant to adopt these changes despite the potential for enhanced efficiency and accuracy.
Lockout tagout implementation best practices
Build a rigid LOTO standard procedure
One of the primary difficulties of effective lockout tagout implementation revolves around proper safety program development or the lack thereof. Some may believe that it is enough to just put lockout devices on machines or to place danger or warning signs on faulty equipment without the need for physical locks. The purpose of LOTO procedures is to establish a foolproof preventive system that will prevent access to hazardous energy and limit risks.
To do this, it is critical to establish a standard procedure for LOTO operations that personnel will religiously know and follow. A rigid LOTO procedure should be able to identify roles and responsibilities including authorized and affected employees, and emphasize the importance of each step, from lockout, tagout, and documentation, to ensure safe and proper implementation during hazardous energy control.
Utilize engaging training strategies
Employee training in lockout tagout is critical. To ensure that employees absorb what they are taught, leverage more engaging training strategies. The use of virtual reality and augmented reality to create life-like simulations for emergency response and safety training has been an increasingly popular method. This allows employees to gain valuable hands-on experience with little to no risk. Props and simulations add to learning objectives for effective adult learning ensuring better implementation of LOTO programs.
Conduct regular audits and inspections
Annual audits and inspections of LOTO procedures are mandated by OSHA regulations. However, the fast-paced advancements in LOTO safety strategies can create a gap in existing programs and protocols. To stay up-to-date, consider conducting more frequent audits and inspections of each LOTO procedure and employee training program.
Regular audits should be able to identify operation flaws and shortcomings that could be detrimental if not found earlier. It could also address gaps in employee training and ensure that all concerned personnel are knowledgeable of the standard LOTO procedure. If gaps are found in audits, it’s important to ensure improvement opportunities are implemented through a process that addresses those gaps.
Reiterate the importance of LOTO for safety
A key aspect of effective LOTO implementation revolves around the employees’ ability to perform as intended to. For lockout tagout measures to be effective from the get-go, personnel must understand the extreme importance of such procedures in preventing accidents, injuries, and fatalities. Providing them with a comprehensive overview of the impact of LOTO procedures in enhancing workplace safety through statistics, research, and other data-based information can increase their level of awareness and encourage diligent compliance.
Bottomline
The effective implementation of lockout tagout procedures does not stop and end with the use of lockout tagout devices. More than isolating potential hazards, it is critical to build a system and culture of safety that recognizes the importance of lockout tagout measures in ensuring the well-being of workers in industrial facilities. This emphasizes the need to establish a standard LOTO program that utilizes the best practices for lockout tagout implementation, designed to address the common challenges of fulfilling a successful lockout tagout operation.
